zpracoval Ivan Mich\u00e1lek<\/p>\n
D\u011bjiny obce Tere\u0161ov \u2013 po\u010d\u00e1tky os\u00eddlen\u00ed a prvn\u00ed p\u00edsemn\u00e1 zm\u00ednka o vesnici
\n(1361-1379)<\/p>\n
Obec Tere\u0161ov se nach\u00e1z\u00ed 6 km severov\u00fdchodn\u011b od Zbiroha v nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce 408 m. n. m. V p\u00edsemn\u00fdch pramenech se m\u00edstn\u00ed jm\u00e9no Tere\u0161ov b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje objevuje v r\u016fzn\u00fdch tvarech a podob\u00e1ch (nap\u0159.: 1361 Terzesow, 1379, 1392 Teressow, 1404 Terzissow, 1407 Teressow, 1430 Te\u0159e\u0161ow) (Profous-Svoboda 1957, 328). Podle mapy c\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9ho otisku stabiln\u00edho katastru (1839) obce Tere\u0161ov (Terreschau) \u0161lo o hromadnou n\u00e1vesn\u00ed vesnici (\u00daAZK Praha,Terreschau, 1839,\u010d. obj. 7864-1-003; Pe\u0161ta 2000, 158).
\nV p\u00edsemn\u00fdch pramenech se Tere\u0161ov (Terzesow) poprv\u00e9 objevil koncem kv\u011btna 1361, kdy byl V\u00e1clav z Tere\u0161ova se svolen\u00edm Mikul\u00e1\u0161e opata a konventu cisterci\u00e1ck\u00e9ho kl\u00e1\u0161tera v Plasech (Charv\u00e1tov\u00e1 1998, 178, 199) ustaven jako duchovn\u00ed spr\u00e1vce k fa\u0159e kostela ve V\u0161ehrdech u Kralovic v rakovnick\u00e9m venkovsk\u00e9m d\u011bkan\u00e1tu (LC I, 154; RDP, 43).
\nV\u00e1clav z Tere\u0161ova byl duchovn\u00edm s bl\u00ed\u017ee neur\u010den\u00fdm sv\u011bcen\u00edm a soci\u00e1ln\u00edm p\u016fvodem. P\u0159\u00eddomek \u201ez Tere\u0161ova\u201c ukazuje na to, \u017ee V\u00e1clav mohl poch\u00e1zet ze zdej\u0161\u00edho statku a mohl b\u00fdt z pansk\u00e9ho stavu. Obec Tere\u0161ov se v n\u00e1vaznosti na statek\/statky nebo zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e9 usedlosti vytvo\u0159ila z\u0159ejm\u011b a\u017e o n\u011bco pozd\u011bji. A. Sedl\u00e1\u010dek \u017e\u00e1dnou m\u00edstn\u00ed tere\u0161ovskou tvrz nezmi\u0148uje (Sedl\u00e1\u010dek 1934, 268-9; Sedl\u00e1\u010dek 1998, 884).
\nV roce 1361 se poprv\u00e9 p\u00edsemn\u011b dokl\u00e1d\u00e1 trvalej\u0161\u00ed os\u00eddlen\u00ed s alespo\u0148 n\u011bjakou trvalej\u0161\u00ed stavbou. Jedin\u00fdm vod\u00edtkem pro ur\u010den\u00ed mo\u017en\u00fdch po\u010d\u00e1tk\u016f zdej\u0161\u00edho os\u00eddlen\u00ed ve 14. stolet\u00ed je osoba V\u00e1clava z Tere\u0161ova, jeho\u017e dal\u0161\u00ed osudy jsou bohu\u017eel nezn\u00e1m\u00e9. Ned\u00e1 se p\u0159esn\u011b ur\u010dit od kdy V\u00e1clav z Tere\u0161ova p\u0159\u00eddomek pou\u017e\u00edval. Vytvo\u0159en\u00ed p\u0159\u00eddomku jist\u011b n\u011bjakou dobu trvalo.
\nC\u00edrkevn\u00ed beneficium mohl V\u00e1clav z Tere\u0161ova z\u00edskat podle c\u00edrkevn\u00edho pr\u00e1va jen pokud m\u011bl kn\u011b\u017esk\u00e9 sv\u011bcen\u00ed. Pokud kn\u011b\u017esk\u00e9 sv\u011bcen\u00ed nem\u011bl, musel ho z\u00edskat nejpozd\u011bji do jednoho roku od uveden\u00ed k c\u00edrkevn\u00edmu beneficiu. Kdy\u017e nebudeme br\u00e1t v \u00favahu, \u017ee z\u00edskal n\u011bjakou v\u00fdjimku-dispens, kter\u00e1 by mu umo\u017enila m\u00edt po del\u0161\u00ed dobu jen ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed sv\u011bcen\u00ed, muselo mu b\u00fdt v dob\u011b z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed kn\u011b\u017esk\u00e9ho sv\u011bcen\u00ed a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9ho z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed c\u00edrkevn\u00edho beneficia minim\u00e1ln\u011b dvacet p\u011bt rok\u016f (Dole\u017ealov\u00e1 2010, 22-35).
\nPo\u010d\u00e1tky os\u00eddlen\u00ed Tere\u0161ova by to tedy mohlo posunovalo do doby je\u0161t\u011b d\u0159\u00edv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, zhruba kolem poloviny 14.stolet\u00ed nebo dokonce n\u011bkam p\u0159ed polovinu 14. stolet\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed p\u00edsemn\u00e1 zm\u00ednka o obci se, ale v\u017edy odvozuje od jej\u00edho prvn\u00edho uveden\u00ed v p\u00edsemn\u00fdch pramenech.
\nObec Tere\u0161ov (Teressow) se jako vesnice poprv\u00e9 objevila v p\u00edsemn\u00fdch zm\u00ednk\u00e1ch v roce 1379, kdy byla rozd\u011blov\u00e1na hlavn\u011b na \u010dty\u0159i v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed statky se \u0161esti poplu\u017e\u00edmi (orn\u00fdmi v\u011bt\u0161\u00edmi poli) ve vlastnictv\u00ed \u010dty\u0159 zapsan\u00fdch vlastn\u00edk\u016f (Otto, Bo\u017et\u011bch, Mark\u00e9ta a V\u011bcho\u0148) v Bern\u00edm registru Plze\u0148sk\u00e9ho kraje. Vznik bern\u00edho registru souvisel s v\u00fdb\u011brem gener\u00e1ln\u00ed bern\u011b v \u010desk\u00e9m kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed pro \u010desk\u00e9ho a \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho kr\u00e1le V\u00e1clava IV. Lucembursk\u00e9ho (1378-1419) (BRPK, 6).
\nJedin\u00fd tehdy uveden\u00fd b\u011b\u017en\u00fd obyvatel a z\u00e1rove\u0148 podsedek v Tere\u0161ov\u011b byl zaps\u00e1n na Ottov\u011b statku. Podsedek byl ve st\u0159edov\u011bku obyvatel vesnice, kter\u00fd mohl vlastnil sv\u016fj d\u016fm, ale neobd\u011bl\u00e1val vlastn\u00ed pole. Pro ob\u017eivu pracoval bu\u010f pro vrchnost na pansk\u00fdch pol\u00edch nebo se \u017eivil prac\u00ed pro jin\u00e9 poddan\u00e9 (Kol. autor\u016f 1898, 340-1). St\u00e1l\u00fdch obyvatel m\u011bla obec samoz\u0159ejm\u011b v\u00edce. Celkov\u00fd po\u010det obyvatel, ale nen\u00ed zn\u00e1m.
\nOttovy polnosti m\u011bly rozlohu o velikosti 1,5 l\u00e1nu (cca 28 ha) a nav\u00edc zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 je\u0161t\u011b 1 v\u011brtel (cca 7 ar\u016f). Bo\u017et\u011bchovi polnosti m\u011bly rozlohu o velikosti 1\/2 l\u00e1nu (cca 9 ha). Polnosti posledn\u00edch dvou vlastn\u00edk\u016f Mark\u00e9ty a V\u011bchon\u011b byly svobodn\u00e9 nebo osvobozen\u00e9 bez ud\u00e1n\u00ed l\u00e1nov\u00e9 rozlohy (Hlav\u00e1\u010dek-Ka\u0161par-Nov\u00fd 1994, 136-7, 144). Rozdrobenost obce na statky z\u016fstala a pokra\u010dovala i ve 14. a 15. stolet\u00ed.
\nIvan Mich\u00e1lek<\/p>\n
Pou\u017eit\u00e1 archivn\u00ed prameny, edice pramen\u016f a literatura:
\n\u00daAZK Praha: \u00dast\u0159edn\u00ed archiv zem\u011bm\u011b\u0159i\u010dstv\u00ed a katastru Praha, archivn\u00ed fond: C\u00edsa\u0159sk\u00e9 otisky stabiln\u00edho katastru (1839), \u010d. obj.7864-1-003. (http:\/\/archivnimapy.cuzk.cz)
\nBRPK: Emler, J. (Hg.) 1876: Ein Bernaregister des Pilsner Kreises von Jahre 1379, Prag.
\nLC I: Tingl, F. A. (ed.) 1867: Liber primus confirmationum ad beneficia ecclesiastica Pragensem per archidioecesim nunc prima vice typis editus, inchoans ab anno 1354 usque 1362, Tomus primus, Pragae.
\nRDP: Tomek, W. W. (vyd.) 1873: Registra decimarum papalium \u010dili Registra des\u00e1tk\u016f pape\u017esk\u00fdch z dioecez\u00ed Pra\u017esk\u00e9, Praha.
\nDole\u017ealov\u00e1, E. 2010: Sv\u011bcenci pra\u017esk\u00e9 diec\u00e9ze 1395-1416, Praha.
\nHlav\u00e1\u010dek, I. \u2013 Ka\u0161par, J. \u2013 Nov\u00fd, R. 1994: Vademecum pomocn\u00fdch v\u011bd historick\u00fdch, Jino\u010dany.
\nCharv\u00e1tov\u00e1, K. 1998: D\u011bjiny cisterci\u00e1ck\u00e9ho \u0159\u00e1du v \u010cech\u00e1ch 1142-1420, Praha.
\nKolektiv autor\u016f 1898: Politick\u00fd a \u0161koln\u00ed okres Rokycansk\u00fd, Rokycany.
\nMat\u011bjek, F. 1985: L\u00e1n v d\u011bjinn\u00e9m v\u00fdvoji (se zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edm z\u0159etelem k Morav\u011b), In: Sborn\u00edk archivn\u00edch prac\u00ed 35\/1, Praha, 283-330.
\nPe\u0161ta, J. 2000: N\u011bkolik pozn\u00e1mek ke studiu p\u016fdorysn\u00e9 struktury venkovsk\u00fdch s\u00eddel na \u00fazem\u00ed \u010cech, Pr\u016fzkumy pam\u00e1tek II\/2000, 153-168.
\nProfous, A. \u2013 Svoboda, J. 1957: M\u00edstn\u00ed jm\u00e9na v \u010cech\u00e1ch, jejich vznik, p\u016fvodn\u00ed v\u00fdznam a zm\u011bny, D\u00edl IV., S-\u017d, Praha.
\nSedl\u00e1\u010dek, A. 1934: Hrady, z\u00e1mky a tvrze Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9ho, 6. d\u00edl, Podbrdsko, Praha.
\nSedl\u00e1\u010dek, A.1998: M\u00edstopisn\u00fd slovn\u00edk historick\u00fd Kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed \u010desk\u00e9ho, Praha.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
zpracoval Ivan Mich\u00e1lek D\u011bjiny obce Tere\u0161ov \u2013 po\u010d\u00e1tky os\u00eddlen\u00ed a prvn\u00ed p\u00edsemn\u00e1 zm\u00ednka o vesnici (1361-1379) Obec Tere\u0161ov se nach\u00e1z\u00ed 6 km severov\u00fdchodn\u011b od Zbiroha v nadmo\u0159sk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ce 408 m. n. m. V p\u00edsemn\u00fdch pramenech se m\u00edstn\u00ed jm\u00e9no Tere\u0161ov b\u011bhem sv\u00e9ho v\u00fdvoje objevuje v r\u016fzn\u00fdch tvarech a podob\u00e1ch (nap\u0159.: 1361 Terzesow, 1379, 1392 Teressow, 1404 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":2192,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2736","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/vlastovka.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2736","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/vlastovka.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/vlastovka.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/vlastovka.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/vlastovka.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2736"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/vlastovka.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2736\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/vlastovka.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2192"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/vlastovka.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2736"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}